Which of the following is an example of differential reinforcement?

Differential reinforcement involves reinforcing specific behaviors while withholding reinforcement for others, thereby encouraging desired behaviors and reducing undesired ones. In the correct choice, applying extinction along with certain reinforcements is a clear example of this concept. By ceasing to reinforce a behavior that is deemed undesirable (i.e., applying extinction) while continuing to reinforce a more acceptable or desired behavior, the practitioner effectively differentiates between which behaviors will receive positive reinforcement.

This method is commonly used in behavior modification strategies because it helps shape behavior more effectively by emphasizing and encouraging positive actions while not rewarding negative ones. By strategically applying reinforcement, one can promote behavioral change, making this choice the most appropriate representation of differential reinforcement.