What is the purpose of Differential Reinforcement of Alternative Behavior (DRA)?

The purpose of Differential Reinforcement of Alternative Behavior (DRA) is to reinforce appropriate alternative behaviors. In DRA, rather than simply discouraging undesirable behaviors, the focus is on encouraging positive behaviors that serve as alternatives to the inappropriate ones. By providing reinforcement, such as praise or rewards, for the desired behavior, individuals are motivated to engage in these behaviors more frequently.

This approach helps to shift the individual's actions from maladaptive or inappropriate behaviors toward more functional and socially acceptable choices. For example, if a child often shouts to get attention, a caregiver might reinforce the child for raising their hand and waiting patiently. Over time, this reinforcement leads to an increase in the alternative behavior (raising a hand) while helping to decrease the problem behavior (shouting).

The method emphasizes teaching and reinforcing positive actions rather than simply eliminating negative ones, making it a constructive strategy in behavior modification.