What is the primary goal of shaping in behavioral therapy?

The primary goal of shaping in behavioral therapy is to reinforce successive approximations toward a target behavior. Shaping is a process that involves gradually reinforcing behaviors that are closer and closer to the desired behavior. It is particularly useful when teaching complex behaviors that cannot be performed perfectly by the individual from the outset. By breaking down the target behavior into smaller, achievable steps and providing reinforcement for each step, the therapist encourages the individual to progress toward the ultimate desired behavior.

This method is especially effective in situations where a behavior needs to be developed in a systematic way. For example, if a therapist aims to teach a child to speak in full sentences, they might first reinforce attempts at single words, then short phrases, and so on, until the child is able to express themselves in complete sentences. This gradual building process helps individuals achieve learning goals in a supportive environment.

Other options present different concepts that are not aligned with the specific technique of shaping in behavioral therapy. Sensory processing acceleration, avoidance of sensory overload, and the establishment of a sensory diet pertain to other behavioral or therapeutic strategies, rather than the reinforcement focus characteristic of shaping.